Composition for making briquettes



Patented Mar. 9, 1926.

UNITED :STATES JACOB SHOTWELL ROBIBSON, OF PE'NNINGTON, NEW JERSEY.

COMPQSITION MAKING BRIQUETTES.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JACOB Sno'rwnLL RoBEsoN,a. citizen of the United States, and

resident of Pennington, in the county of; Mercer and State of NewJersey, have 1nrcnted certain new and useful Improve ments inComposition for Making Briquettes, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention 1s an improvement in the manufacture of compositions ofmatter and includes a novel binder for use in holding together particlesor masses of other material. The composltlon 1s primarily 1ntended as abinder for the making of bri quettes, and may be used in connection withcoal dust or other fuel, iron ore, sand for molders cores, or otherinert material, to which it is desired to give definite form, hardnessand Water-resistant qualities. In the manufacture of fuel'briquettes itis important that the briquettes be substantially water-resistant sothat little or no water be absorbed when subjected to rain or dampnessduring shipment or storage, and it is also important that the briquettesbenot too brittle, as otherwise they break down during shipment andhandling, whereby the main advantage of forming the coal dust intobriquettes is lost. It is also important that the briquettes burn freelywithout the production of objectional volumes of smoke, and that theminimum of non-combustible products be employed.

In my prior Patents 841,718 and 851,381, I have disclosed a hinder oradhesive'compound in which sulfite cellulose liquor and wood tar areemployed. Such a binder has certain advantages, but experience showsthat the product is too brittle for some purposes. In my prior Patent851,380 I have disclosed a binder or adhesive compound in which sulfitecellulose liquor and molasses are employed, but if, these two beemployed as the sole ingredients of the hinder the briquette orotherproduct, as shown by experi-- ence, would not be as water-resistant asis rlesirable for most purposes.

The main objeetiofmy present invention is to produce a compositaon oradhesive material and briquette or other body employing the same, andwhich will be free from the objectionable qualities above referred to,and

which will be inexpensive to manufacture,

and include only easily obtained, handled Application filed August3,1921. Serial 1T0. 489,623.

and assembled ingredients, completely combustible and preferably of anorganic nature. "In my improved adhesive composition I employ properproportions of a sulfite solu-' tion of the non-cellulose elements ofwoody tissue, the liquid residueof, destructive distillation preferablthick residuum of plant juices. Itwill be noted that all of theseingredients are of 'vegetable origin and include the non-celluloseingredients in different forms. By the proper combination andproportions I avoid undue brittleness, and at the same time getwater-resistant or repellant properties. In its preferred embodiment thecombination includes sulfite cellulose liquor, approximately 48 percent, crude molasses, approximately 38 per cent, and wood tar,approximately 14 per cent. This binding agent may be used with coal dustor finely divided coal in the proportion of about 6 per cent of thebinder to 94 per cent of the coal. Other percentages of the binder maybe necessary with other aggregates or material to be held in compact anddefinite form. When the of fuel briquettes, the latter are preferably ofwoody tissue and the pressed in suitable molds to the proper size I andshape, and are heated to approximately 400 Fahr. to drive off moistureand prob-1 ably efi'ect certain chemical reactions be tween theingredients of the binder. The crude molasses may be that commerciallysold in the market as blackstrap and with or without previousfermentation and alco hol extraction. The sulfite cellulose liquor maybe the ordinary concentrated liquor of commerce which is ofapproximately 301 B. gravity. The wood tar maybe the ordinary article ofcommerce sold under that name and may be of varying degrees ofplasticitybinder is of t e sulfite cellulose liquor, about one-third totwo-fifths is of crude molasses, and approximately one-seventh is ofwood tar.

It is quite important that the tar constituent be not materially lessthan one seventh although a slight reduction below this amount mightgive satisfactory results. The

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wood tar seems to have a very important 2. A binder for briquettesincluding moefiect in rendering the com osition waterproof, and for thispurpose might use coal tar, liquid bitumens or asphalt, or mixtures ofthese, in place of the wood tar. All of these tarry or pitchy substancesare fairly easily emulsified with sulfite cellulose liquor and themolasses.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is 1. A composition of matter for use as anadhesive or binding agent including suifite solutions of thenon-cellulose elements of wood tissue, liquid residue of destructivedistil ation of woody tissue and thick residuum of sugar bearing plantjuices.-

lasses, sulfite cellulose liquor and wood tar.

3. A. composition of matter for use as an adhesive orzbinding agentincluding sulfite cellulose liquor, approximately one-half, crudemolasses, approximately two-fifths, and pitchy matter, approximatelyoneseventh.

4. A composition of matter for use as an adhesive'or binding agent,including sulfite cellulose liquor, approximately 48 per cent, molasses,approximately 38 per cent, and tar, ap roximately 14 per cent.

igned at Trenton in the county of Mercer and State of New Jersey thisthirtieth day of July A; D. 1921.

JACOB SHOTWELL ROBESON.

